Resumo: Técnicas que buscam atender às necessidades do usuário no desenvolvimento de um produto, como a Engenharia de Requisitos (RE) e o User Centred Design (UCD), vem sendo cada vez mais utilizadas em diferentes áreas. A RE é uma área de informática que busca o desenvolvimento de métodos e técnicas para elaboração de software, enquanto o UCD é um processo de design iterativo, onde os designers focam nos usuários e os colocam no centro do processo de desenvolvimento. Este estudo abordou a aplicação dessas técnicas no desenvolvimento de um WebGIS direcionado para aplicações universitárias. Nesta pesquisa foi proposta uma interface para este WebGIS, com uma aplicação para auxiliar a navegação em ambientes internos e externos. O estudo de caso foi aplicado no campus do Centro Politécnico da Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR). A interface foi avaliada por meio de testes com usuários, utilizando tarefas que permitiam explorar a funcionalidade da ferramenta. A metodologia utilizada para medir a usabilidade foi elaborada por Brooke (1996) por meio da Escala de Usabilidade do Sistema (SUS), sendo a classificação desta escala adotada por Bangor, Kortum e Miller (2009) e Sauro (2011). Os resultados mostraram índices de pontuação baseados no SUS, que indicaram que o uso de técnicas de UCD permite melhorar o desenvolvimento de interface em um WebGIS.

Abstract: The techniques that seek to attend the user’s needs in a product’s development, like the Requirements Engineering (RE) and the User-Centred Design (UCD) have been increasingly used in different areas. The RE is a computer science area that seeks the development of methods and techniques to software elaboration, while the UCD is an iterative design process, where designers focus on users and place them at the center of the development process. This study approached the application of these techniques to developing a WebGIS oriented to university applications. In this research an interface to the WebGIS was proposed, with an application to assist the navigation in indoor and outdoor environments. The study case was applied in Polytechnic Center campus of Federal University of Paraná (UFPR). The interface was evaluated through tests with users, using tasks that allowed to explore its functionality. The methodology used was elaborated by Brooke (1996) to measure the usability through the System Usability Scale (SUS), and the classification of this scale adopted by Bangor, Kortum and Miller (2009) and Sauro (2011). The results show punctuation indices based on the SUS, what indicated that the use of UCD techniques allow to improve the interface development in a WebGIS.

Resumo: O See Color é um sistema de códigos de cores baseado na escrita em Braille para comunicar as cores para pessoas com deficiência visual. Este estudo avaliou a percepção do tema Temperatura por pessoas cegas, utilizando o código See Color em dois mapas táteis israítmicos e a percepção de pessoas com visão normal de cores. Um mapa de temperatura média da Austrália continha 10 classes, mas estes intervalos foram reagrupados em quatro classes no software Corel Draw. O novo mapa foi duplicado no projeto digital em tamanho A4 e incluíram-se os códigos See Color em dois esquemas de cores obtidos no website Color Brewer. Em seguida, os mapas foram impressos a laser sobre papel microcapsulado para produção do relevo tátil. A percepção cromática foi observada, assim como as sensações térmicas que as cores poderiam representar para os participantes cegos (06), para os participantes normovisuais do ensino básico (23) e do ensino superior (20). Nesta pesquisa, os mapas mostraram potencial para fornecer conhecimento espacial para participantes cegos adquiridos e normovisuais com base na percepção de cores e códigos de cores táteis usados como linguagem gráfica.

Abstract: The See Color is a color coding system based on Braille writing to communicate colors to people with visual impairments. This study assessed the perception of the theme Temperature by blind people, by using the See Color code on two isarithmic tactile maps and the perception of subjects with normal color vision. An average temperature map of Australia had 10 classes, but these intervals were regrouped into four classes on Corel Draw software. The new map was duplicated in the digital project in A4 size, both included the See Color code in two color schemes obtained from the Color Brewer website. Subsequently, they were laser-printed on swell paper to produce the tactile relief. The chromatic perception was observed, as well as the thermal sensations that the colors could represent for blind participants (06), normally sighted participants in basic education (23), and normally sighted participants in higher education (20). In this research, the See Color code showed the potential to provide spatial knowledge as a graphic language through colors in color maps for adventitiously blind and for normally sighted participants based on their perception of colors and tactile color codes.

Abstract: People tend to lose their sense of direction in closed environments and the role of indoor maps is to assist the user in navigating in these spaces, through understanding the environment, identifying reference points or positioning. Among the several forms of achieving positioning in indoor environments, this research used the method based on image recognition through identification of QR-Code labels, because of their low cost, easy implementation, and because their accuracy is not affected by the environment. As such, this article presents the use of QR-Code markers affixed to possible reference points to determine user positioning in an indoor environment using a mobile device. This study seeks to discover which are the most appropriate sites for placing QR-Codes in an environment, by evaluating what reference points and what type thereof are most used in indoor environments. This study is therefore based on the hypothesis that if initial positioning is obtained only through reference points this is sufficient for users to orient themselves. Through analysis of the results obtained from navigation tasks done by users we were able to obtain data regarding elements most cited as references. The results show that people orient themselves in distinct ways in the same environment and use as their main reference points structural elements of the environment such as stairways, lifts, and decision-making points; in general structural reference points were those most used to support orientation and navigation.